John c



(No Model.)

J. C. DUPEE. BURNER FOR PLUMBERS 0R BRAZIERS FURNACES.

No. 591,916. Patented Oct. 19,1897

NrTnn STATES PATENT tries. I

JOHN C. DUPEE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO R. J.

WHITE, OF SAME PLACE.

BURNER FOR PLUMBERS OR BRAZIERS FURNACES.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 591,916, dated October 19, 1897.- Application filed November 28,1896. Serial No. 613,725. (No model.)

To all whont it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHN C. DUPEE, of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Burners for Plumbers and Braziers Furnaces, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming apart of this specification, in which corresponding letters of reference in the different figures indicate like parts.

The object of my invention is to so construct a burner for plumbers, braziers and other furnaces in which hydrocarbon oils are employed, that a blow-torch or force-blast having a heating, as distinguished from an illuminating, flame, may be produced from bydrocarbon oils of low gravity-such, for example, as kerosene or crude petroleum. To this end, I so construct the contour of the burner and adjust it with reference to the retort that in its effort to escape from the mouth of the burner the flame, when forced by a strong blast or heavy air-pressure, is choked sufficiently to produce eddies and cause a backflow to impinge upon and heat the retort, and that without materially lessening the torch-like flame or impairing its quality as a heating-flame, while at the same time such a thorough mixture of air and gas or vapor may be caused as to produce complete combustion, all of which is hereinafter more particularly described, and definitely pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a plumbers furnace embodying the features of my invention. Fig. 2 is an enlarged central sectional view of a modified form of burner, the same being arranged horizontally; andFig. 3 is a detail view taken upon the line 3 3, Fig. 2, viewed in the direction of the arrow there shown.

In the drawings, a represents the usual tank for the storage of hydrocarbon oil, connected with which is any well-known form of airpump, as b, for example, for the purpose of compressing air therein in order to force oil to the burner. Above the tank and sustained upon posts 0, attached to the tank, is secured the ordinary short chimney-top cl, within which may be placed the melting-pot. Connected with the tank a isa tube 6, which, in the form of furnace shown in Fig. 1, is extended upwardly and thence horizontally, so

as to connect with and form a support for the vertical burner. The service-pipe e is tapped into a retort g, which consists ofa hollow annular ring integral with which is a tube h, having a tube 2' tapped therein. A nipple j is tapped into the part 1;, the opening in which .is adapted to be closed by means of the usual needle-valve 7c. The opening in the'nipple is directed toward the center of the opening or ring formed by the retort g. Extending downwardly or backwardly, as the case may be, according as the burner is arranged vertically or horizontally, are flanges Z, which are integral with the retort and are provided with slotsm therein. Upon the opposite side of the retort is formed an annular flange q, Fig. 2, into which is tapped or otherwise secured a hollow pear-shaped extension n the interior of which forms the mixing and combustion chamber. It will be observed by reference to Fig. 2 that the diameter of the interior of that portion of the part it which is tapped into the ring is greater than the diameter of the interior of the ring formed by the retort, and is also greater than that of the eduction-opening or outer end of the exten- 8o sion, but is very much smaller than that of the intermediate portion, which forms a bulge 0, as shown. In other words the base of the pear-shaped shell is placed next to the retort.

In the bulge 0 is formed a series of openings 8 5 1), Figs. 2 and 3, which are so arranged with reference to the retort g that a flame passing through said openings may impinge directly upon the-retort. The usual drip-cup r, Fig.

2, serves to heat the burner. A shield or hood o sis preferably provided to protect the jet from side drafts.

Having thus described the various parts of my improved device, I will now explain its operation.

The oil, by reason of the pressure of air in the tank, is forced upwardly through the tube e, from whence it passes through the annular retort g, where it is vaporized. The Vapor then passes through the tubes h i, and escapes 1 00 from the nipple j in the form of a jet which is directed toward the center of the opening formed by the annular retort. Air is admitted freely from the rear and through the slots m. The jet takes fire shortly before it reaches the annular retort and thus serves to partially heat the latter. As a considerable air-pressure is employed in the tank the impingement of the flame upon the retort causes it to enlarge and fill the combustionchamber, and as the chamber is suddenly restricted from the bulge and tapered, as shown, eddies are formed in the flame, as indicated by the arrows; and while the main flame is directed forward and outward from the eduction end of the tapered nozzle, portions thereof are directed backwardly and forced out through the openings p in the form r of jets which impinge upon and serve to heat the outside of the retort. Afurther advantage is derived from the formation of eddies in the combustion-chamber-viz., the complete commingling of air and .gas at the point of combustion where the temperature is sufficiently high to render the combustion complete.

Heretofore it has been found wholly impracticable to utilize low-gravity oils for burners known as blow-torch or pressure burners. Any confinement by the use of baffle-plates or similar devices adapted to produce a backflow of the flame not only eliminates the torch feature thereof, but so softens it that it fails to vaporize the heavy oil, thereby defeating the end desired, although such a burner may be entirely effectual in burning high-gravity oils.

I have found in actual practice that by means of myimproved burner supplemented by an air-pressu re in the oil-reservoir of from about twenty to one hundred pounds per square inch centigrade a low-gravity oil may be used as readily as can naptha with the ordinary burner employed therewith. lhe combustion is completeand the body of the flame is not materially lessened by the divergence of the jets therefrom required to heat the retort. Moreover, by reason of myimproved construction, the retort does not become overheated and the tendency of the oil to carbon ize therein is obviated.

Having thus described my invention, I claim 1. The combination with an oil-reservoir and means for forcing a jet of oil therefrom under pressure, of a retort, means for projecting a vaporized jet from said retort through an opening extending through said retort into a combustion-chamber, and a combustionchamber adjacent to said retort, said combustion-ohamber having a restricted opening at its outer end, an enlargement in the body thereof next to said retort and a series of openings in its walls in operative proximity to said retort, whereby a portion of the main flame from the combustion-chamber may be reversed as a result of the eddies formed in said enlargement by the forced action of the flame, and caused to impinge upon the retort, substantially as described.

2. As an improvement in blow-torch burners, the combination with a retort and means for projecting a vaporized jet therefrom through an opening extending through said retort, of a pear-shaped projection or shell, the interior of which is adapted to form a combustion-chamber, the base of said shell being attached to said retort and having an interior diameter larger than that of the opening JOHN G. DUPEE.

Vitnesses:

D. H. FLETCHER, R. A. \VHITE. 

